Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Neuroradiology brain, MR, Imaging sequences, Haemorrhage, Ischaemia / Infarction
Authors:
Y. Gulseren1, M. Ayaz1, G. Durukan Günaydın1, I. Gülmez1, B. Atalay1, B. Baysal2; 1Istanbul/TR, 234437, AL/TR
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2018/C-1920
Background
25% of the world’s newborn deaths are associated with perinatal brain injury resulting from hypoxic-ischemic lesions.
Perinatal asphyxia that may occur either in utero or postnatally,
is the most important cause of HIE.
The exact nature of injury depends on the severity of hypotension and the degree of brain maturation.
Hypoxia-ischemia frequently damages the deep gray matter,
in both preterm and term neonates.
Intraventricular hemorrhages and periventricular white matter injury occur in preterm neonates and parasagittal watershed territory infarcts occur in term neonates.The infant usually develops seizure and asphyxia may cause different problems such as children with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) may develop spastic CP,
basal ganglia (BG) and thalamic involvement result in extrapyramidal symptoms .
Ultrasonography (US) is the first examination of choice,
as its a cheap and easy modality which can be performed at bedside.
However sensitivity of US in brainstem and cortical gray matter is limited.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and spesific imaging modality that shows characteristic findings.
In acute stage of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE),
DWI is useful in early diagnosis.