Learning objectives
This educational exhibit reviews the elbow joint anatomy,
comparing illustrations and schemes with ultrasound images of its normal anatomy.
A standard procedure is followed and described.
Background
Ultrasonography is a mainstream imaging technique which allows the dynamic evaluation of the joint,
tendons,
and ligaments,
with a high-resolution imaging of elbow anatomy with great patient acceptance and in a safe and cost-effective way.
This technique allows to evaluate different pathologic conditions of the elbow with the advantages of good spatial resolution,
clinical correlation and dynamic assessment of disease,
contralateral comparison and the ability to guide interventions.
The elbow is usually approached through its anterior,
lateral,
medial,
and posterior compartments.
A good anatomic comprehension...
Findings and procedure details
TECHNIQUE
The ultrasonography of the elbow joint is performed with the patient seated in front of the examiner with the elbow placed on an examination table or with the patient in the supine position.
It is important to perform a dynamic evaluation with varying degrees of patient arm rotation and joint stress manoeuvres and,
owing to the curvilinear contours of this articulation,
a careful scanning technique is critical.
A high frequency linear transducer (12-17 MHz) should be used.
The evaluation of the elbow can be...
Conclusion
Elbow ultrasonography represents an efficient diagnostic imaging tool for the assessment of a wide range of diseases that affect this articulation,
performed in real-time and also permitting guided intervention.
It is,
nevertheless,
essential to have a thorough understanding of the normal elbow anatomy,
its common pathologic conditions,
and not less important,
the radiologist should be familiar with proper US technique.
References
Beggs I,
Bianchi S,
Bueno A,
et al.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound technical guidelines.
II.
Elbow.
European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology,
2006.
Konin GP,
Nazarian LN,
Walz DM.
US of the Elbow: Indications,
Technique,
Normal Anatomy,
and Pathologic Conditions.
RadioGraphics 2013; Volume 33:E125-E147.
Tagliafico AS,
Bignotti B,
Martinoli C.
Elbow US: Anatomy,
Variants,
and Scanning Technique.
Radiology 2015,
Volume 275: Number 3.
Draghi F,
Danesino GM,
Gautard R,
Bianchi S.
Ultrasound of the elbow: Examination techniques and US appearance of the normal and pathologic joint.
Journal of...