Patient characteristics and seasonality of HBoV infection
Of the 185 patients with HBoV infections,
75 (40.5%) had upper respiratory infection alone and 110(64.3%) had pneumonia.
Patient characteristics are shown in Table 1.
Coinfections were detected in 88 patients (47.6%).
The most frequent respiratory viral co-pathogens were rhinovirus (n=8,
10.7%) in URI and adenovirus (n=5,
4.6%) and influenza A or B virus (n=5,
4.6%) in pneumonia.
Infections were predominantly noted between February and June( Fig. 1 ),
with a peak incidence in April(15.7%).
Clinical outcomes of HBoV infection
All-cause mortality rates of HBoV infection were 7.6%(30 days) and 13.0%(90 days),
and the overall mortality rate was 21.1%.
In a multivariable logistic regression,
older age (OR,
1.02; CI,
1.00-1.04; P=0.045) and nosocomial infection (OR,
2.07; CI,
1.05-4.11; P=0.037) were significant factors associated with pneumonia.
CT findings of HBoV pneumonia
The patterns and distributions of CT findings are described in Table 2
The predominant distribution of HBoV pneumonia was bilateral (60.9%), without axial (78.3%),
or longitudinal zonal predominance (47.8%).
The CT findings were not significantly different between immunocompetent and immunocompromised patient(except for the higher extent of consolidation)( Fig. 2 - Fig. 3 ).