The ethical and legal issues arising from the implantation of AI systems in the radiological practice.

Congress:

ECR 2020

Poster Number:

C-02185

Type:

Educational Exhibit

Keywords:

Not applicable, Image verification, Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis, CAD, Computer applications, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Authors:

P. Menéndez Fernández-Miranda¹, P. Sanz Bellon¹, A. Pérez Del Barrio ¹, E. M. Marco De Lucas², D. Rodríguez González¹, L. Lloret Iglesias¹, J. A. Vega Álvarez³; ¹Santander/ES, ²Santander, Ca/ES, ³Oviedo/ES

DOI:

10.26044/ecr2020/C-02185

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.26044/ecr2020/C-02185

Fig. 1: The performance of AI-based systems changes with the size of the training...

Fig. 2: The big four principles of medical ethics. For a medical practice to be...

Fig. 3: Definition of imaging biobanks. Imaging biobanks can be defined as organised...

Learning objectives

The aim of this work is to analyse the ethical and legal conflicts derived from the implementation of Artificial Intelligence Systems (AIS) in the radiological practice.

Background

The arrival of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to radiology is imminent, and it is not coming alone. Such a huge revolution necessarily implies new ethical and legal challenges that the biomedical community has never faced before. Solving these issues will be crucial to determine the future of AI techniques in radiology in the following years.

Findings and procedure details

The ethical and legal issues that will arise from the implementation of AIS in the radiological practice can be classified into two categories: Those related to the development of AI algorithms. Those related to the use of AIS in the radiological practice. 1. Issues related to the development of AI algorithms The development of AI algorithms requires a significant quantity of medical data, especially those based onDeep Learning(Fig. 1). This kind of data usually contains sensitive information belonging to the patient’s private life; hence the...

Conclusion

The ethical and legal issues related to theimplementationof AIS in the medical practice will demand a multidisciplinary approach with help from multiple professionals, such as doctors, engineers, politicians, and jurists. The ethical conflicts should be clarified using the four big principles of medical ethics: beneficence, non-maleficence, justice and autonomy. Biobanks could be a good opportunity to create a legal framework to regulate the sharing and storage of medical data.

Personal information and conflict of interest

P. Menéndez Fernández-Miranda; Santander/ES - nothing to disclose P. Sanz Bellon; Santander/ES - nothing to disclose A. Pérez Del Barrio; Santander/ES - nothing to disclose E. M. Marco de Lucas; Santander, CA/ES - nothing to disclose D. Rodríguez González; Santander/ES - nothing to disclose L. Lloret Iglesias; Santander/ES - nothing to disclose J. A. Vega Álvarez; Oviedo/ES - nothing to disclose

References

Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 6th ed. Oxford:OxfordUniv.Pr.2009. European Parliamentary Research Service Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA). Ethical Aspects of Cyber-Physical Systems.2017.PE563.501. ESR Position Paper on Imaging Biobanks. Insights Imaging.2015;6(4):403-410. Schönberger D. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: a critical analysis of the legal and ethical implications. Int J Law Inf Technol.2019;27:171-203.