Purpose
Within ten years of definitive treatment for prostate cancer 20–40% of patients post radical prostatectomy and 30–50% of patients post radiotherapy will develop biochemical recurrence (BCR) [1-3]. The definition of BCR depends on if the patient has had a radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). After RP, prostate specific antigen levels (PSA) becomes undetectable as all prostate tissue has been removed and BCR is defined as a PSA value greater than 0.2 ng/ml on 2 consecutive occasions [4]. Post RT the PSA levels remaindetectable and...
Methods and materials
In 2018 a Germanium-68/Gallium-68 generator with a fully automated theranostics synthesiser (iQS-TS) (Isotopen Technologien München, Germany) was installed in St James's Hospital (Figure 1).The First Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT was performed on 20/2/19.
Gallium-68 PSMA ligand preparation
The elution of the gallium and radiolabelling process takes 17 minutes, using sterile aqueous hydrochloric acid solution as the eluent. The Ga-68 labelled PSMA ligand then undergoes immediate labelling efficiency, pH and endotoxin checks. Germanium breakthrough testing takes 48 hours.
Imaging Protocol
The patients receive betweeen 1.8-2.2 MBq/kg of...
Results
148 patients underwent Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT in our institution from 20/2/19 to 7/1/20. Of these, 122 patients were investigated for recurrence with 109 having biochemical recurrence only. Table 1. shows the breakdown by indication. Only those with recurrence were included in this analysis.
Patients Demographics
Mean age was 66.5 years (range 47-83 years). Median and mean PSA were 1 ng/ml and 5.5ng/ml respectively (range 0.09-279 ng/ml). A summary of treatment of patients' primary tumouris displayed in Table 2. Most patients underwent a radical prostatectomy, with...
Conclusion
We have found that Gallium-68 PSMA PET/CT is more sensitive than conventional imaging for detecting metastatic disease, it can detect metastatic disease at lower PSA values than conventional imaging and detects disease outside the field of standard salvage radiotherapy.
Limitations:
Up 10% of Prostate Cancer does not express PSMA
PSMA is also overexpressed by other solid tumours and benign bone lesions
No histological confirmation of disease in our study
Production of the Ga-68 labelled PSMA ligand is labour and time intensive
Personal information and conflict of interest
R. M. Heaney; Dublin/IE - nothing to disclose M. L. Bambrick; Dublin/IE - nothing to disclose C. Ní Leidhin; Dublin/IE - nothing to disclose N. Sheehy; Rathgar/IE - nothing to disclose
References
Freedland SJ, Humphreys EB, Mangold LA, Eisenberger M, Dorey FJ, Walsh PC, Partin AW: Risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality following biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. JAMA 2005; 294: 433–439.
Roehl KA, Han M, Ramos CG, Antenor JA, Catalona WJ: Cancer progression and survival rates following anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy in 3,478 consecutive patients: long-term results. J Urol 2004; 172: 910–914.
Kupelian PA, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA, Reuther AM, Klein EA: Use of different definitions of biochemical failure after external beam radiotherapy changes conclusions about relative...