Many names of dementia

Congress:

ECR 2020

Poster Number:

C-15096

Type:

Educational Exhibit

Keywords:

Not applicable, Education and training, Education, MR, CT, CNS, Neuro

Authors:

A. R. Pugliesi¹, W. Kersjes², J. Degenkolb³, D. O. Aoua¹; ¹Ludwigsburg/DE, ²Bietigheim-Bissingen/DE, ³Gilching/DE

DOI:

10.26044/ecr2020/C-15096

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.26044/ecr2020/C-15096

Fig. 1: MRI of a healthy brain (on the right) compared to one with Alzheimer’s...

Fig. 16: PSP Imaging: hummingbird sign versus mickey mouse appearance versus morning...

Fig. 22: Condition after computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) on the right...

Fig. 26: Typical DAT-SPECT findings in idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome with reduced...

Learning objectives

To learn which neurodegenerative disorders may be associated with dementia. To illustrate how radiological findings may support the diagnosis of specific neurodegenerative disorders. To explore how Neuroimaging may also be used to assess disease progression.

Background

Dementia includes brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is severe enough to affect a person's daily functioning. Symptoms include emotional problems, difficulties with language, memory, attention and a decrease in motivation. The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease ( AD) ( 50% to 70% of cases); vascular dementia (25%), dementia with Lewy bodies (15%) and frontotemporal dementia. Less common are: normal pressure hydrocephalus, Parkinson's disease dementia, Huntington Disease, CADASIL, metabolic endocrine...

Findings and procedure details

The brain’s cortex normally appears very wrinkled, with ridges of tissue (called gyri) separated by “valley” called sulci. In individuals with cortical atrophy, the progressive loss of neurons causes the ridges to become thinner and the sulci to grow wider. As brain cells die, the ventricles expand to fill the available space, becoming much larger than normal. Brain MRI is often the first step in evaluation of dementia. Fig. 2 In Patient suspected of having a cognitive disorder is important to score: global atrophy, focal...

Conclusion

The prevalence of specific forms of dementia is age-dependent. In patients > 65 years there are more cases of senile AD and vascular dementia. Radiological findings may support the diagnosis of specific neurodegenerative disorders and sometimes radiological findings are necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

Personal information and conflict of interest

A. R. Pugliesi; Ludwigsburg/DE - nothing to disclose W. Kersjes; Bietigheim-Bissingen/DE - nothing to disclose J. Degenkolb; Gilching/DE - nothing to disclose D. O. Aoua; Ludwigsburg/DE - nothing to disclose

References

-Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Neuroradiology: Dr. L. Gramada, Dr. A. Bengel. -Nuklearmedizinische Diagnostik bei Parkinson-Syndromen: Ralph Buchert, Carsten Buhmann, Ivayla Apostolova, Philipp T. Meyer, Jürgen Gallinat. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2019; 116: 747–54. DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0747