Background/Introduction
Innovation in imaging technologies results in a better imaging quality while also improving security.
Renewal of equipment in radiology necessitates awareness of recent advances in radiation dose management (Fig.
1).
CT represents 19% of all X-ray studies,
49% of medical radiation (Table 1).
Table 1: Average radiation doses for typical adult CT examinations.
CT Examination
Average Effective Dose (mSv)
Values Reported in Literature
Head
2
0.9-4.0
Chest
7
4.0-18.0
Abdomen
8
3.5-25
Pelvis
6
3.3-10
Spine
6
1.5-10
Description of activity and work performed
In this presentation,
we summarized radiation dose reduction technologies in CT.
Radiation Dose Management with Dose Reduction Strategies
1.
ALARA Principle:
One of the main principles in renewal of radiology equipment.
2.Automatic Tube Potential Selection (ATPS):
On the basis of the examination type and the patient size,
the algorithm determines the voltage that will achieve the desired image quality at the lowest CTDIvol (Figs.
2).
3.
Automatic Tube Exposure Control (AEC):
AEC allows automatic modulation of tube current according to patient size and shape (Table...
Conclusion and Recommendations
Dose Management with Updated Equipment
Reduces dose to a minimum
Provides dose monitoring during the procedure
Makes dose reporting easy and structured
Achieves optimal image acquisition
Applies comprehensive image processing
Customizes image quality
Take Home Lessons
New imaging technologies allow significant dose reduction
In-depth knowledge of these technologies is crucial for the selection of the right device
Timely renewal of radiological devices or upgrading the current equipment is of crucial importance to keep up with the new developments for the dose reduction; therefore pre-emptive planning...
Personal/Organisational information
Deniz Akata,
M.D.
Professor of Radiology,
Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology,
Ankara,
Turkey
Ali Devrim Karaosmanoglu,M.D.
Associate Professor of Radiology,
Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology,
Ankara,
Turkey
Mustafa Nasuh Özmen,M.D.
Professor of Radiology,
Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology,
Ankara,
Turkey
Boris Brkljacic,
M.D.
Professor of Radiology.
University of Zagrep Medical School,
Zagrep,
HR
Mehmet Ruhi Onur,M.D.
Associate Professor of Radiology,
Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology,
Ankara,
Turkey
References
1.Costello JE,
Cecava ND,
Tucker JE,
Bau JL.CT radiation dose: current controversies and dose reduction strategies.AJR Am J Roentgenol.
2013 Dec;201(6):1283-90.
2.Lell MM,
Wildberger JE,
Alkadhi H,
Damilakis J,
Kachelriess M.Evolution in Computed Tomography: The Battle for Speed and Dose.Invest Radiol.
2015 Sep;50(9):629-44.
3.Kalra MK,
Sodickson AD,
Mayo-Smith WW.CT Radiation: Key Concepts for Gentle and Wise Use.Radiographics.
2015 Oct;35(6):1706-21.
4.Kaza RK,
Platt JF,
Goodsitt MM,
Al-Hawary MM,
Maturen KE,
Wasnik AP,
Pandya A.Emerging techniques for dose optimization in abdominal CT.Radiographics.
2014 Jan-Feb;34(1):4-17.