Learning objectives
1.
Outline the radiographicanatomy and alignment of the foot.
2.
Demonstrate the common congenital abnormalities of the foot and their imaging correlates.
Background
ANATOMY OF THE FOOT
The anatomy of the foot is complex.
The foot can be broadly divided into three main parts:
Hindfoot
The most posterior portion of the foot,
comprised of thetalus and calcaneus.
This includes the ankle joint (tibiotalar) and subtalar joint (which has three facets: anterior,
middle and posterior)
The hindfootis joined to the midfoot via the Chopart joint (mid tarsal joint)
Midfoot
This lies between the hindfoot and forefoot and containsthe navicular,
cuboid and cuneiforms.
It is joined to the forefoot via...
Imaging findings OR Procedure Details
CONGENITAL TARSAL COALITION
Background
This is the abnormal fusion of two or more tarsal bones,
which most likely results from abnormal differentiation and segmentation of primitive mesenchyme with resultant lack of joint formation.
The estimated prevalence is less than 1% of the population.
50% of cases are bilateral.
90% of coalitions are talocalcaneal or calcaneonavicular.
In talocalcaneal coalition all three facets of the subtalar joint may be affected,
however the middle facet is the most commonly involved.
The coalition is most commonly intra-articular,
although extra-articular...
Conclusion
There are several congenital abnormalities of the foot,
ranging from common to rare.
These may be asymptomatic or may predispose to pain and abnormalities in the alignment of the foot and ankle.
References
Thapa MM,
Pruthi S,
Chew FS.
Radiographic assessment of pediatric foot alignment: review.
AJR 2010 194:51-58.
Newman JS,
Newberg AH.
Congenital tarsal coalition: multimodality evaluation with emphasis on CT and MR imaging.
Radiographics 2000 20:2,
321-332.
Lawrence DA,
Rolen MF,
Haims AH,
Zayour Z,
Moukaddam HA.
Tarsal coalitions: radiographic,
CT and MR imaging findings.
HSS J 2014 10(2): 153-166.
Fredrick LA,
Beall DP,
LY JQ,
Fish JR.
The symptomatic accessory navicular bone: a report and discussion of the clinical presentation.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2005...
Personal Information
Acknowledgements:
Dr Asif Saifuddin,
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital