Keywords:
Kidney, Abdomen, Ultrasound, Education, Experimental investigations, Normal variants, Congenital, Epidemiology
Authors:
A. D. Tarnoki1, D. L. Tarnoki1, P. Bata1, L. Littvay1, Z. Garami2, K. Karlinger1, V. Bérczi1; 1Budapest/HU, 2Houston, TX/US
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2013/C-1529
Results
Descriptive analysis of the twin cohort
Mean right and leftRCTs were 1.32±0.33 cm and 1.62±0.31 cm,
and they showed low correlation (r=0.209,
p<0.01).No significant difference was observed in RCT between MZ and DZ twins.
Heritability analysis of RCT in twins
The possible role of zygosity in the prevalence of RCT wasestimated by age- and sex-adjusted ACE analysis (Figures 2 and 3).
Mean right and leftRPTs were 1.32±0.33 cm and 1.62±0.31 cm,
and they showed low correlation (r=0.174,
p<0.05).
Age and sex-adjusted heritability of right RPT was 38.5% (95% confidence interval,
CI,
1 to 68.4%),
shared environmental effects were 0.0% (95% CI,
0.0 to 45.3%) and unshared environmental effects indicated 61.5% (95% CI,
35.5 to 86.6%).
In contrast,
left RPT showed no additive genetic effects (0.0%,
95% CI,
0.0 to 10.2%),
and shared and unshared environments indicated 8.2% (95% CI,
0.0 to 32.7%) and 91.8% (95% CI,
6.9 to 100%),
respectively.
If pooling bilateralRPTdata,
heritability was 0.0% (95% CI,
0.0 to 50.2%),
shared and unshared environmental factors were 30.2% (95% CI,
4.1 to 55.9%) and 69.8% (95% CI,
45.8 to 89.5%).
Genetic factors do not appear to contribute to the variance of RCT and the largest proportions of total variance are attributable to unshared environmental factors.