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Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Lymphoma, Education, Biopsy, Conventional radiography, MR, CT, Thorax, Haematologic, Abdomen
Authors:
V. Attard1, A. Giotas2, J. Muscat3; 1Nadur/MT, 2Msida/MT, 3Birkirkara /MT
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2014/C-2120
Background
Lymphoma is a term referring to a number of neoplasms of lymphocyte precursors or mature lymphocytes (T,
B or natural killer cells),
that predominantly involve tissues other than the bone marrow,
rather than the bone marrow and blood.
Lymphoma is the most common primary haematopoietic malignancy.
More than 60 entities have been described in the 4th edition of the World Health Organisation Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid tissues.
The neoplasms are classified according to the morphology,
genotype and immunophenotype of the originating cell lineage.
Computed tomography,
magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography are usually the first-line imaging modalities.
- Almost any organ can be affected by lymphoma.
- Hodgkin lymphoma tends to involve the anterior and middle mediastinum.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma shows a predilection for paraesophageal,
subcarinal and internal mammary nodes.
Lymphoma of the abdomen tends to present with widespread lymphadenopathy. Computed tomography demonstrates homogenous soft tissue masses in the distribution of the nodal chains or a conglomeration of multiple enlarged nodes forming nodal masses.
Involvement of solid abdominal viscera may be seen in combination with nodal disease or in the absence of nodal disease (primary extranodal disease).