Learning objectives
To present in a schematic way the embryological formation of the corpus callosum (CC) and the malformations that result from its interruption.
To depict the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in different types of developmental anomalies of the CC and the concomitant changes in the brain morphology.
Background
The corpus callosum (CC) is the most important brain commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres and facilitating the transfer of sensor,
motor and cognitive information between them.
The callosal maldevelopment is related to impaired brain function and in the great percent of the cases is associated with other brain anomalies.
Thus,
the morphology of the CC is an essential feature that indicates whether or not the brain development is normal [1,
2].
The order and timing of development of the corpus callosum are arguable and new...
Findings and procedure details
BRAIN COMMISSURES
The brain commissures,
part of the three major types of connections of the neocortex (association,
projection,
and commissural fibers),
are those white matter tracts that cross the midline and connect the two cerebral hemispheres.
The largest commissure is the corpus callosum,
and thus it has the greatest contribution to the structural formation and shape of the brain.
It is divided into four well-known segments,
from anterior to posterior: rostrum,
genu,
body and splenium.
A fifth part is sometimes well seen and described –...
Conclusion
The corpus callosum has a fundamental role in the structural formation and connection of the two hemispheres and therefore is an essential indicator for normal brain formation.
The simple depiction of its developmental process facilitates the understanding of the radiological manifestation of the callosal anomalies and the associated brain alterations.
We have revised and illustrated schematically the embryological development of the corpus callosum,
its abnormalities causing typical brain changes and the associated brain malformations.
MRI findings,
as well as diffusion tensor images,
were presented and...
Personal information
1.
Gloria Adam,
Department of Radiology,
Tokuda Hospital,
Sofia,
Bulgaria.
E-mail:
[email protected]
2.
Galina Kirova,
Head Department of Radiology,
Tokuda Hospital,
Sofia,
Bulgaria.
3.
Marin Penkov,
Head Department of Radiology,
Ivan Rilski Hospital,
Sofia,
Bulgaria.
4.
Gavril Nakov,
Department of Radiology,
Tokuda Hospital,
Sofia,
Bulgaria.
References
Krupa K,
Bekiesinska-Figatowska M.
Congenital and Acquired Abnormalities of the Corpus Callosum: A Pictorial Essay.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Bio Med Research International.
Volume 2013,
Article ID 265619,
14 pages.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/265619
Kasprian G,
Brugger PC,
Schöpf V,
Mitter C,
Weber M,
Hainfellner JA,
Prayer D.
Brain Jan 2013,
136 (1) 168-179; DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws332
Edwards TJ,
Sherr EH,
Barkovich AJ,
Richards LJ.
Clinical,
genetic and imaging findings identify new causes for corpus callosum development syndromes.
Brain.
2014;137(6):1579-1613.
doi:10.1093/brain/awt358
Hetts SW,
Sherr EH,
Chao S,
Gobuty S,
Barkovich...