Keywords:
Performed at one institution, Cross-sectional study, Retrospective, Inflammation, Calcifications / Calculi, Acute, Diagnostic procedure, Computer Applications-General, Colonography CT, CT-High Resolution, CT-Enterography, CT, Kidney, Emergency, Abdomen, Abdominal Viscera
Authors:
U. S. Umer, S. Alam, A. N. Khan, S. G. Ghaus, M. Abdullah, A. Nawaz, M. Asif, N. Gul; Peshawar/PK
DOI:
10.26044/ecr2020/C-00807
Methods and materials
STUDY DESIGN:
This was a cross sectional analytical study carried out in Radiology department of Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar from Dec 2012 to May 2018.
SUBJECTS:
2776 patients coming for CT KUB in the duration were included. All patients who were referred from the emergency department, from hospital clinics and those who were inpatients were included in the study. The patients with previous surgery for renal or ureretic stones were excluded. Age range was 10 to 90 years and patients presented with persistent or recurrent pain in flanks.
DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS:
Data was collected retrospectively from the hospital’s database so the need of informed consent was waivered off by permission from hospital’s ethical committee. The CT KUB reports of the 2776 patients finally included in the study were reviewed retrospectively after the final official report was available on our radiology information system.
CT KUB examinations at our department are reported after a radiology Resident and a consultant radiologist with >4 years of experience had evaluated the CT. The final report is then generated after a consultation between the radiology team members. In this study, all those examinations that had incidental and additional findings from the entire data were reviewed by a consultant radiologist with 4 years of experience. The radiology reports were reviewed retrospectively, and findings outside the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra) were recorded and categorized by organ system.
DATA COMPILATION:
The encountered abdominal and pelvic pathologies other than stones were divided into following groups:
- FINDINGS OF HIGH IMPORTANCE:
Appendicitis, Bowel perforation, Torsion etc
- FINDINGS REQUIRING DEFERRED TREATMENT:
Tumours, enlarged lymph nodes (>1 cm), chronic inflammatory disease. Further workup was suggested in such cases.
- FINDINGS THAT REQUIRED LATER TREATMENT:
Benign lesions that would require treatment later were defined as findings of little clinical importance e.g. complicated cyst, adrenal adenoma, haemangioma, hernia without incarcerated bowel, cholelithiasis.
- FINDINGS OF NO CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:
Findings of no clinical importance were those considered to be benign and unlikely to require any future treatment.
CT KUB TECHNIQUE:
CT KUB was performed for all patients on 128 slice Toshiba Multidetector computed tomography machine. Intravenous contrast was not given. Additional views were obtained with the patient prone, if needed for confirmation of suspected distal ureteric calculi.