- To discuss the role of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of renal transplantation non-vascular complications in the early postoperative period and throughout long-term surveillance; - To describe and illustrate several possible non-vascular complications associated with renal transplantation with a brief mention of their epidemiology and clinical presentation.

Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease since it reduces the mortality risk and improves the quality of life when compared with maintenance dialysis. Currently, renal transplantation is quite successful in Portugal: 92,9% of allografts survive the first year after surgery, and 85% survive the first 5 years. Nevertheless, even with meticulous management, renal transplant complications occur in 12 to 20% of recipients and imaging plays a crucial role in its accurate diagnosis. A delay in the detection and treatment of...

Renal transplant recipients undergo close imaging surveillance. Ultrasound (particularly Doppler ultrasound) is the first-line imaging modality chosen to evaluate these patients, especially in the early postoperative period. However, CT is also useful in diagnosing complications. Renal transplant complications can be categorized as vascular and non-vascular. This exhibit will focus on the latter (Fig. 2). Non-vascular complications Renal parenchymal abnormalities Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) generally occurs in the immediate posttransplant period and is related to ischemia of the allograft before vascular anastomosis (Fig. 3). Most episodes...

Radiologists must be familiar with ultrasound and CT findings of renal transplant non-vascular complications occurring since early to long-term surveillance. Accurate identification of these abnormalities leads to prompt treatment and prevents catastrophic consequences.

M. Morgado; Porto/PT - nothing to disclose F. B. Alves; Porto/PT - nothing to disclose R. H. Castro; Espinho/PT - nothing to disclose

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