Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Performed at one institution, Observational, Retrospective, Oedema, Infection, Diagnostic procedure, MR, CT, Neuroradiology brain, CNS, Neuro
Authors:
S. erdemli, B. Atalay, M. B. eser, M. SORKUN, B. Baysal; istanbul/TR
DOI:
10.26044/ecr2020/C-11332
Background
Tuberculosis(TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,one of the top 10 causes of death in the world.Approximately a quarter of the world’s population is infected with M. tuberculosis and consequently at danger of developing TB disease[1].Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is seen in 2%-5 % of patients with TB and the most common form of tuberculosis causing mortality and morbidity[2].
The underlying mechanism of intracranial TB is the rupture of small TB lesion(Rich focus) that is disseminated by hematogenous spread to subpial or subarachnoid space from the lungs.These foci rupture causes inflammatory meningitis.Tuberculosis meningitis(TBM) occurs due to reactivation in adults and older children but coexists with dissemination in younger children. Inflammation in response to bacterial infection in TB induces vasculitis, exudative meningitis, infarction, hydrocephalus and neuronal damage[13]Fig. 1
Low sensitivity of cerebrospinal fluid culture, and PCR in the diagnosis of TBM causes a delay in diagnosis and treatment[3].Especially contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), is important to diagnose CNS TB and to identify its complications.