Learning objectives
To correlate ARDS imaging findings with its histopathological patterns.
To describe the most prevalent complications of ARDS and thoracic appearances in survivors,
focused on radiographic and CT findings.
Background
ARDS is a type of acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury,
characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar–capillary membrane with edema,
loss of aerated lung tissue,
increased work of breathing and impaired gas exchange.
The annual incidence of ARDS is estimated approximately at 80 per 100.000/year.According to new Berlin definition the diagnosis is based on the onset of hypoxaemia and of bilateral chest opacities within 1 week of a known risk factor.
From the radiological point of view,
the presence of bilateral opacities remains one of...
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
The plain chest radiograph is a valuable test that can support the diagnosis,
confirm the position of tubes and lines,
monitor progression of pulmonary disease,
and detect complications in ARDS.
Although there is considerable overlap,
the radiographic stages of the disease broadly correlate with the histopathological stages.
THE EXUDATIVE PHASE (1-7 days)
CXR
In the first 24-48 h after the initial damage,
CXR may still appear normal.
The exception is if ARDS is triggered by a direct lung injury (for example pneumonia),
in which case...
Conclusion
CONCLUSION
As well as establishing the diagnosis,
imaging has an important role in ARDS clinical management,
in identifying its complications and in providing prognostic information.
References
REFERENCES
"Overview of current lung imaging in acute respiratory distress syndrome,” Maurizio Zompatori et al,
European Respiratory Review,
2014
"Imaging of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome”,
Sarah Sheard MBBS et al,
Respiratory Care,
2012
"The Berlin definition of ARDS: an expanded rationale,
justification,
and supplementary material”,
Niall D.
Ferguson et al,
Intensive Care Med,
2012
"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Imaging of the injured lung”,
Sujal R.
Desai,
Clinical Radiology,
2002
"Harrison's principles of Internal Medicine",
17/E,
A.S.Fauci et al,
McGraw-Hill,
2008
Personal Information
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