Congress:
EuroSafe Imaging 2019
Keywords:
Action 7 - Radiation protection of children, Cardiovascular system, Paediatric, CT-Angiography, Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis, Congenital
Authors:
T. Yalynska, R. Tammo, H. Morkovkina, N. Rokytska, I. Yemets
DOI:
10.26044/esi2019/ESI-0047
Background/introduction
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most commonly occurring congenital anomaly,
affecting 4-10/1000 live births.
Neonatal congenital heart disease is the most difficult area of diagnostic radiology because of the small body size,
unstable vital signs,
and the difficulty in adjusting radiation dose and scanning parameters[1].
Over the past few decades,
advances in diagnostic techniques and surgical management have greatly improved patient survival,
with around 90% of patients with CHD reaching adulthood [2].
Complex cases of CHD present with multiple malformations,
and require accurate preoperative diagnosis to enable the appropriate planning of surgery.
With the characteristics of noninvasiveness,
speed,
safety,
and easy availability,
echocardiography is always the first line study of choice for neonates with congenital heart disease.
For regions where echocardiography shows less diagnostic accuracy [3,
4],
cardiac catheterization is usually used for further evaluation and confirmation of diagnosis.
Thus,
cardiac catheterization is always considered the gold standard for anatomical delineation before surgery.
However,
cardiac catheterization of neonates has a small procedure-related morbidity and mortality.
Even with improvement in equipment and pericatheterization care in recent decades,
the complication rate is still around 10–20% and catheterization related mortality is still around 1% [5,
6].
In recent years,
advances in multidetector CT (MDCT) technology have substantially enhanced evaluation of CHD.
Faster acquisition times combined with high spatial resolution and superb quality of two-dimensional (2D) multiplanar reformation and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction make MDCT an ideal noninvasive method for evaluating CHD in pediatric patients [7].
We described the MDCT scan protocols,
radiation control and contrast medium injection.